Tropical Plant Research
An International Journal by Society for Tropical Plant Research
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2020, VOLUME 7 ISSUE 1Pages: 171-175
Ultrastructure of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl.)
M. I. Adeniyi*, G. T. Salaudeen and R. A. Ojo
*Department of Forest Products Development and Utilization, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria P.M.B 5054, Forest Hill, Jericho Estate, Ibadan, Oyo-State of Nigeria, Ibadan
Abstract:
Micro-structures of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), a source of innumerable uses to man for ages were investigated in this study. B. vulgaris lacks secondary thickening as opposed to what is obtained in trees, but possesses numerous vascular bundles consisting of xylem, phloem and fibre caps which are embedded in parenchymatous tissues. Both light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used in this study. Transverse sections of about 20 micrometers thick were prepared on a Reichert microtome. Slides were examined under a Zeiss microscope (Standard 25) ×80 magnification, attached to a digital camera. Electron microscopy was performed using small blocks (3 mm2) attached to stubs using electron-conductive carbon paste. The samples were sputter-coated for 3 min with gold. The results showed that each vascular bundle was composed of a protoxylem vessel, two metaxylem vessels and phloem with some sieve tubes. The absence of sieve tubes in some samples might indicate that sieve tubes are dissolved as the culm grows older. The study further showed the position of phloem which is usually located in the direction of the peripheral region, while protoxylem vessels are found away from the peripheral region of bamboo. Therefore the position of the metaxylem and protoxylem vessels can give a clue to identifying the outer and inner parts of bamboo at the transverse section especially when the phloem is difficult to identify. SEM micrographs revealed sculptured arrangement of wood cells in a three-dimensioned perspective and thick-walled parenchyma cells different from micrographs from a light microscope. Photomicrographs were taken using a DC-12DX digital camera mounted on a Navite XSZ-20 Series light microscope at 80×. For SEM, observations of sections were carried out using a Jeol JSM 6390LV SEM at 15 kV and EDX, Nora system six. Anatomical descriptions were based on International Association Wood Anatomists (IAWA) codes.
Micro-structures of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), a source of innumerable uses to man for ages were investigated in this study. B. vulgaris lacks secondary thickening as opposed to what is obtained in trees, but possesses numerous vascular bundles consisting of xylem, phloem and fibre caps which are embedded in parenchymatous tissues. Both light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used in this study. Transverse sections of about 20 micrometers thick were prepared on a Reichert microtome. Slides were examined under a Zeiss microscope (Standard 25) ×80 magnification, attached to a digital camera. Electron microscopy was performed using small blocks (3 mm2) attached to stubs using electron-conductive carbon paste. The samples were sputter-coated for 3 min with gold. The results showed that each vascular bundle was composed of a protoxylem vessel, two metaxylem vessels and phloem with some sieve tubes. The absence of sieve tubes in some samples might indicate that sieve tubes are dissolved as the culm grows older. The study further showed the position of phloem which is usually located in the direction of the peripheral region, while protoxylem vessels are found away from the peripheral region of bamboo. Therefore the position of the metaxylem and protoxylem vessels can give a clue to identifying the outer and inner parts of bamboo at the transverse section especially when the phloem is difficult to identify. SEM micrographs revealed sculptured arrangement of wood cells in a three-dimensioned perspective and thick-walled parenchyma cells different from micrographs from a light microscope. Photomicrographs were taken using a DC-12DX digital camera mounted on a Navite XSZ-20 Series light microscope at 80×. For SEM, observations of sections were carried out using a Jeol JSM 6390LV SEM at 15 kV and EDX, Nora system six. Anatomical descriptions were based on International Association Wood Anatomists (IAWA) codes.
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