Tropical Plant Research
An International Journal by Society for Tropical Plant Research
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2016, VOLUME 3 ISSUE 3Pages: 654-661
Floristic composition and vegetation analysis of Hulikal Ghat region, central Western Ghats, Karnataka
Vinayaka K. S.* and Krishnamurthy Y. L.
Abstract:
Forest ecosystem is one of the most important terrestrial ecosystems of the world. Biodiversity is a dynamic process among living organisms exhibiting different degrees of activities according to their placement in nature. The present study was carried out in the Hulikal forest (13°46'15" N to 13°42'30" N and 75°1'30" E to 75°5'15" E) Hosanagar taluk of Shimoga district, Karnataka. Study areas are located at an elevation range of 560 MSL to 800 MSL above the sea level and it is having highest rainfall receiving area in Karnataka. The Hulikal forest consists of almost evergreen forest with swamp/marshy vegetation. Major tree species found in the study are Litsea floribunda, Garcinia gummi-gutta, Cinnamomum verum, Myristica malabarica etc. with shrubs like Carissa carandas, Croton malabaricus, Memecylon malabaricum, Maesa indica, Leea indica etc. In Hulikal forest a total of 2172 samples were recorded from 30 quadrats. They are belongs to 231 species and 60 families, among them 53 herb, 51 shrubs, 31 climbers and 96 were trees species. Lower diversity of herbaceous plants is present here because of closed canopy. The Hulikal forest showed more canopy trees with evergreen forests. The trees are tall and long in height. Fahrenheitia zeylanica is an important species with Impotence Value Index (IVI) of 10.4 and basal area of 0.7. The Shannon diversity index value of the herbaceous species, climbers and tree species were 3.6, 3.8 & 4.3 respectively. The study revealed that this region is very rich in species composition.
Forest ecosystem is one of the most important terrestrial ecosystems of the world. Biodiversity is a dynamic process among living organisms exhibiting different degrees of activities according to their placement in nature. The present study was carried out in the Hulikal forest (13°46'15" N to 13°42'30" N and 75°1'30" E to 75°5'15" E) Hosanagar taluk of Shimoga district, Karnataka. Study areas are located at an elevation range of 560 MSL to 800 MSL above the sea level and it is having highest rainfall receiving area in Karnataka. The Hulikal forest consists of almost evergreen forest with swamp/marshy vegetation. Major tree species found in the study are Litsea floribunda, Garcinia gummi-gutta, Cinnamomum verum, Myristica malabarica etc. with shrubs like Carissa carandas, Croton malabaricus, Memecylon malabaricum, Maesa indica, Leea indica etc. In Hulikal forest a total of 2172 samples were recorded from 30 quadrats. They are belongs to 231 species and 60 families, among them 53 herb, 51 shrubs, 31 climbers and 96 were trees species. Lower diversity of herbaceous plants is present here because of closed canopy. The Hulikal forest showed more canopy trees with evergreen forests. The trees are tall and long in height. Fahrenheitia zeylanica is an important species with Impotence Value Index (IVI) of 10.4 and basal area of 0.7. The Shannon diversity index value of the herbaceous species, climbers and tree species were 3.6, 3.8 & 4.3 respectively. The study revealed that this region is very rich in species composition.
Fig.: Average Rainfall and Temperature at Hulikal Forest region (2003–2013).
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